CA 125 is a protein that is often measured in the blood. While elevated CA 125 levels are commonly associated with certain cancers, particularly ovarian cancer, there are non-cancerous causes that can lead to increased levels of CA 125. It’s important to note that CA 125 is not a specific marker for cancer, and various factors can influence its levels. Non-cancerous causes of elevated CA 125 include:
- Menstruation: CA 125 levels can vary throughout the menstrual cycle, and they are often higher during menstruation.
- Endometriosis: A condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus.
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): An infection of the female reproductive organs, usually caused by bacteria.
- Fibroids: Noncancerous growths of the uterus that can cause elevated CA 125 levels.
- Pregnancy: CA 125 levels can be higher during pregnancy, and they may increase further in certain complications, such as ectopic pregnancy.
- Ovarian cysts: Fluid-filled sacs on or within the ovaries.
- Liver disease: Conditions affecting the liver can impact CA 125 levels.
- Peritonitis: Inflammation of the peritoneum, the tissue lining the inner abdominal wall.
- Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas.
- Infections: Certain infections, such as tuberculosis, can cause elevated CA 125 levels.
It’s crucial to interpret CA 125 results in the context of an individual’s overall health, medical history, and clinical presentation. A high CA 125 level alone is not diagnostic of cancer, and additional tests and evaluations are typically needed to determine the underlying cause. If you have concerns about CA 125 levels or are experiencing symptoms, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation.